Here we are at week 2 of making 김치찌개!
Last week, we went through all the ingredients and their translations. This week, we'll be going through the instructions!
Once again, if you want to check out the video recipe: click here!
Let's dive in!
1. 돼지고기를 1.5cm 크기로 썰어주세요.
This week I'll gloss over the ingredients (in this one 돼지고기) and focus more on the instructions and grammar surrounding them.
1.5cm 크기로 which is a combination of multiple grammar points:
- 1.5cm 크기로 (1.5cm large pieces) = 크다 (large) + 기 (added onto verbs to change them into nouns -> 크기: size) + 로 (in this case, meaning "into")
썰어주세요 is a combination of two pieces (the latter of which is used for the rest of the instructions)
- 썰어주세요 (please cut) = 썰다 (to cut) + -어 주세요 (please)
- You're able to add 주세요 to any verb to make it into a polite request. For instance:
- 앉아 주세요 (please sit)
- 가르쳐 주세요 (please teach me)
- 들어 주세요 (please listen)
- The rule is that for verbs ending in ㅏ or ㅗ to add -아 주세요.
- For verbs ending in vowel other than ㅏ or ㅗ, add -어 주세요.
- For verbs ending in 하다, turn it into -해 주세요.
Next one!
2. 냄비에 돼지고기, 물, 새우젓을 넣고 끓여주세요.
Let's first start by highlighting words that we already know from last week:
냄비에 돼지고기, 물, 새우젓을 넣고 끓여주세요.
We can start to break it down by looking at grammar before vocab. Let's look at some of the grammar:
냄비에 돼지고기, 물, 새우젓을 넣고 끓여주세요.
We have -에 and -고.
The first one is a location particle which is attached to a noun to express its location. Here, we have: 냄비에, which means "in the pot"
-고 is used to connect two verbs together. It corresponds to "and" in English.
- 넣고 끓여주세요 = 넣다 (to put in) + 끓다 (to boil) + 주세요 (see above) = please put in and boil
So, the overall instruction is: "Please put pork, water, and shrimp paste into the pot and boil"
3. 찌개가 끓으면 중약불로 줄이고 고기가 부드러워질 때까지 최소 10분간 더 끓여줍니다.
Alrighty - this one has a good bit packed into it.
찌개가 끓으면 (once the jjigae boils)
- -가 marks the subject of the clause, in this case the 찌개
- 끓다 we learned in the last step means "to boil", but with the additional -으면 (if/when)
- If the verb ends in a vowel or ㄹ, then use just -면
- If the verb ends in a consonant, then use -으면 (this is our case, since the verb stem is 끓)
중약불로 줄이고 (reduce heat to medium-low)
- 중약불로 is a compound word of 3 different parts (plus -로, which we learned before, but in this case means "to")
- 중약불 = 중 (middle or medium) + 약 (low) + 불 (fire or heat)
- 줄이고 = 줄이다 (to reduce/to lower) + -고
고기가 부드러워질 때까지 (until the meat becomes tender)
- Here the subject changes to 고기, denoted by the marker -가
- 부드러워지다 = 부드럽다 (to be soft / tender) + 어지다 (to become [adjective] / to turn [adjective])
- Here, the ㅂ in the bottom turns into 우 when conjugating. It is an irregular verb conjugation.
- So, it really turns into: 부드러우 + 어지다 = 부드러워지다
- -ㄹ 때까지 also has a few parts to look into
- -ㄹ 때 is used to express the time when a state occurs (in this case when the meat is tender).
- The ㄹ is there because the preceding verb root (부드러워지) ends in a vowel. Otherwise, no ㄹ needed.
- 까지 means "until" and can be used for both time and places. For example:
- 여기까지 (until here)
- 8시까지 (until 8 o'clock)
- 학교까지 (until school)
- -ㄹ 때 is used to express the time when a state occurs (in this case when the meat is tender).
최소 10분간 더 끓여줍니다 (boil for at least 10 more minutes)
- 최소 means "at least" or "at a minimum"
- 10분간 = 10 분 (minutes) + 간 (time marker particle)
- 더 = "more"
- 끓여줍니다 = 끓다 (same as above, to boil) + 줍니다 (even more formal version of 주다, similar to 주세요)
4. 대파를 0.5cm 두께로 썰어주세요
- 대파를 = 대파 (green onion) + -를 (object marker)
Quick digression for difference between 이/가 and 을/를 📚
You might be wondering what the difference is between the subject markers 이/가 and the object markers 을/를. It comes down to if the noun is performing the action or if the action is being performed upon the noun. For instance, here are examples of 이/가:
- 학생이 공부해요 (The student studies) - The student is the one who is performing the action (i.e., studying)
- 친구가 왔어요 (A friend came) - The friend is who performed the action (coming)
And here are some examples of 을/를:
- 나 사과를 먹어요 (I eat an apple) - The apple has an action being performed upon it (i.e., me eating it)
- 나 책을 읽었어요 (I read a book) - The book had an action performed upon it (i.e., I read it)
Let's continue!
- 0.5cm 두께로 썰어주세요 (please cut into 0.5cm thick pieces)
- 두께로 = 두께 (thickness) + -로 (into)
- 썰어주세요 = 썰다 (to cut) + -주세요
5. 청양고추를 어슷하게 0.5cm 두께로 썰어주세요.
This one is pretty close to the previous instruction! The back half (0.5cm 두께로 썰어주세요) is exactly the same!
So, let's focus on the first now:
- 청양고추를 = 청양고추 (Cheongyang pepper) + -를 (object marker)
- 어슷하게 = 어슷하다 (to be slanted / diagonal) + -게 (adverb modifier)
- Adding -게 to a verb turns it into an adverb
- 쉽다 (to be easy) → 쉽게 (easily)
- 예쁘다 (to be pretty) → 예쁘게 (prettily)
- 빠르다 (to be fast) → 빠르게 (quickly / fast)
- In this case, it modifies how to cut the pepper. E.g., cut the pepper diagonally
- Adding -게 to a verb turns it into an adverb
6. 10분 후 물이 졸아들면 그만큼의 물을 다시 냄비에 붓고, 신김치, 국간장, 굵은 고춧가루, 고운 고춧가루, 다진 마늘을 넣어주세요
This instruction may look a little long, but it is actually mostly just ingredients from our previous lesson! Let's highlight them.
10분 후 물이 졸아들면 그만큼의 물을 다시 냄비에 붓고, 신김치, 국간장, 굵은 고춧가루, 고운 고춧가루, 다진 마늘을 넣어주세요
Now, let's highlight the words we have already seen so far:
10분 후 물이 졸아들면 그만큼의 물을 다시 냄비에 붓고, 신김치, 국간장, 굵은 고춧가루, 고운 고춧가루, 다진 마늘을 넣어주세요
So, let's just focus on the words that remain:
- 후 = after
- 졸아들면 = when it reduces
- 그만큼의 = 그만큼 (that amount) + 의 (possessive particle, equivalent to 's in English)
- 다시 = again
- 붓고 = 붓다 (to pour) + -고
So, this instruction is telling us that after ten minutes, if the water has reduced, to pour the same amount of water in again and add the rest of the ingredients to the pot.
7. 찌개가 끓으면 대파, 청양고추를 넣어줍니다
I think we know all the words here! I'll leave it to you to try yourself. 화이팅! 💪
8. 마지막으로 고춧가루를 약간 뿌려 마무리합니다
Let's crank through the last one! Almost there!
- 마지막으로 = 마지막 (the last/final) + -으로
- 약간 = a little bit
- 뿌려 = sprinkle
- 마무리합니다 = 마무리하다 (to finish / complete) + -ㅂ니다